What is an integrated circuit, its parameter indicators, structural composition, and working principles 2

The structural composition of integrated circuits mainly includes:

1. Circuit design: refers to the circuit design of integrated circuits, including logic design, physical design, etc.

2. Wafer processing: refers to the process of converting circuit designs into patterns on a wafer, and transferring the circuit patterns onto the wafer through photolithography and other techniques.

3. Wafer testing: refers to testing the circuits on the wafer to determine if they are functioning properly.  diode

4. Cutting and packaging: Refers to cutting wafers into chips and then packaging them.

5. Testing and verification: refers to testing the packaged chip to verify whether its performance meets the requirements.  diode