Structure, Principles, Applications, Testing, Installation, and Development History of the Crankshaft Sensor 1

The crankshaft sensor, also known as the crankshaft position sensor or crankshaft pulse sensor, is a device used to monitor the rotational speed and position of the engine crankshaft. Its primary function is to provide precise timing reference signals to the engine control system, enabling accurate combustion control at the appropriate moments. The data from the crankshaft sensor directly impacts engine performance, efficiency, and emissions. In modern vehicles, it is a critical component of the engine management system.diode

1. Structure:

The crankshaft sensor is typically composed of a magneto-electric sensor or a Hall effect sensor. The magneto-electric sensor consists of a magneto-electric element, a coil, and a permanent magnet. The Hall effect sensor, on the other hand, comprises a Hall element, an integrated circuit, and a permanent magnet. These sensors generate corresponding electrical signals based on the movement of the crankshaft.diode

II. Principle:

The working principle of the crankshaft sensor primarily relies on the magnetoelectric effect. The magnetoelectric effect refers to the phenomenon where a voltage is generated across the ends of a conductor when it moves within a magnetic field. The semiconductor probe in the crankshaft sensor utilizes this principle to convert changes in the magnetic field into electrical signals. As the crankshaft gear rotates, its magnetic field also changes, and this variation is transformed into an electrical signal by the semiconductor probe before being sent to the ECU for analysis.diode